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1 right of way
n ( AUT)pierwszeństwo nt przejazdu; ( on path etc) prawo przechodzenia przez teren prywatny* * *1) (the right of the public to use a path that goes across private property.) prawo przejazdu2) ((right-of-way - plural rights-of-way) a road or path over private land, along which the public have a right to walk.) droga publiczna na prywatnym gruncie3) (the right of one car etc to move first eg when crossing a cross-roads, or going round a roundabout: It was your fault that our cars crashed - I had right of way.) pierszeństwo przejazdu -
2 approach
[ə'prəutʃ] 1. vi 2. vtplace zbliżać się (zbliżyć się perf) do +gen; person, problem podchodzić (podejść perf) do +gen; (ask, apply to) zwracać się (zwrócić się perf) do +gen3. n( of person) nadejście nt; ( proposal) propozycja f, oferta f; (access, path) droga f, dojście nt; ( to problem) podejście ntto approach sb about sth — zwracać się (zwrócić się perf) do kogoś o coś
* * *[ə'prəu ] 1. verb(to come near (to): The car approached (the traffic lights) at top speed; Christmas is approaching.) zwracać/zbliżać się do2. noun1) (the act of coming near: The boys ran off at the approach of a policeman.) zbliżanie się2) (a road, path etc leading to a place: All the approaches to the village were blocked by fallen rock.) podejście, podjazd3) (an attempt to obtain or attract a person's help, interest etc: They have made an approach to the government for help; That fellow makes approaches to (= he tries to become friendly with) every woman he meets.) zwrócenie się, podejście, zaloty•- approaching -
3 hack
[hæk] 1. vt 2. n ( pej) 3. viPhrasal Verbs:* * *[hæk] 1. verb1) (to cut or chop up roughly: The butcher hacked the beef into large pieces.) rąbać, ciąć2) (to cut (a path etc) roughly: He hacked his way through the jungle; He hacked (out) a path through the jungle.) rąbać2. noun1) (a rough cut made in something: He marked the tree by making a few hacks on the trunk.) (na)cięcie2) (a horse, or in the United States, a car, for hire.) koń/pojazd do wynajęcia•- hacker- hacking
- hacksaw -
4 pave
[peɪv]vtto pave the way for ( fig) — torować (utorować perf) drogę +dat or dla +gen
* * *[peiv](to cover (a street, path etc) with (usually large) flat stones, concrete etc to make a flat surface for walking on etc: He wants to pave the garden.) (wy)brukować- pavement- paving-stone -
5 retrace
[riː'treɪs]vtto retrace one's steps — wracać (wrócić perf) tą samą drogą; fig odtwarzać (odtworzyć perf) tok rozumowania
* * *[ri'treis](to go back along (a path etc) one has just come along: She lost her keys somewhere on the way to the station, and had to retrace her steps/journey until she found them.) odtworzyć -
6 walkway
-
7 wayside
['weɪsaɪd]nwayside inn — zajazd m, przydrożna gospoda f
to fall by the wayside ( fig) — nie dawać (nie dać perf) (sobie) rady
* * *noun (the side of a road, path etc: We can stop by the wayside and have a picnic; ( also adjective) a wayside inn.) brzeg drogi -
8 strike
[straɪk] 1. n( of workers) strajk m; ( attack) uderzenie nt2. vt; pt, pp struckperson, thing uderzać (uderzyć perf); oil etc natrafiać (natrafić perf) na +acc; deal zawierać (zawrzeć perf); coin, medal wybijać (wybić perf); ( fig) ( occur to) uderzać (uderzyć perf)3. vi; pt, pp struckworkers strajkować (zastrajkować perf); illness, snake atakować (zaatakować perf); clock bić, wybijać (wybić perf) godzinę; killer uderzać (uderzyć perf)to strike a balance — zachowywać (zachować perf) proporcje
to strike a bargain with sb — ubijać (ubić perf) z kimś interes
when personal disaster strikes … — gdy kogoś dotknie osobiste nieszczęście, …
to strike a match — zapalać (zapalić perf) zapałkę
Phrasal Verbs:* * *1. past tense - struck; verb1) (to hit, knock or give a blow to: He struck me in the face with his fist; Why did you strike him?; The stone struck me a blow on the side of the head; His head struck the table as he fell; The tower of the church was struck by lightning.) uderzać2) (to attack: The enemy troops struck at dawn; We must prevent the disease striking again.) uderzać, atakować3) (to produce (sparks or a flame) by rubbing: He struck a match/light; He struck sparks from the stone with his knife.) krzesać4) ((of workers) to stop work as a protest, or in order to force employers to give better pay: The men decided to strike for higher wages.) strajkować5) (to discover or find: After months of prospecting they finally struck gold/oil; If we walk in this direction we may strike the right path.) natrafić na6) (to (make something) sound: He struck a note on the piano/violin; The clock struck twelve.) wybijać, uderzać7) (to impress, or give a particular impression to (a person): I was struck by the resemblance between the two men; How does the plan strike you?; It / The thought struck me that she had come to borrow money.) robić wrażenie8) (to mint or manufacture (a coin, medal etc).) wybijać9) (to go in a certain direction: He left the path and struck (off) across the fields.) ruszyć10) (to lower or take down (tents, flags etc).) zwijać, opuszczać2. noun1) (an act of striking: a miners' strike.) strajk2) (a discovery of oil, gold etc: He made a lucky strike.) odkrycie•- striker- striking
- strikingly
- be out on strike
- be on strike
- call a strike
- come out on strike
- come
- be within striking distance of
- strike at
- strike an attitude/pose
- strike a balance
- strike a bargain/agreement
- strike a blow for
- strike down
- strike dumb
- strike fear/terror into
- strike home
- strike it rich
- strike lucky
- strike out
- strike up -
9 lead
I 1. [liːd] pt, pp led, n (SPORT)prowadzenie nt; ( fig) przywództwo nt; (piece of information, clue) trop m; (in play, film) główna rola f; ( for dog) smycz f; ( ELEC) przewód m2. vt(walk in front, guide) prowadzić (poprowadzić perf); organization, activity kierować (pokierować perf) +instr; ( BRIT)3. vito lead the orchestra — grać (zagrać perf) partię pierwszych skrzypiec (w orkiestrze)
to take the lead — obejmować (objąć perf) prowadzenie
to lead the way — prowadzić, wskazywać drogę
to lead sb astray — ( mislead) zwieść ( perf) kogoś; ( corrupt) sprowadzić ( perf) kogoś na manowce or złą drogę
to lead sb to believe that — dawać (dać perf) komuś powody sądzić, że …
to lead sb to do sth — sprawić ( perf), że ktoś coś zrobi
Phrasal Verbs:- lead off- lead on- lead toII 1. [lɛd] n 2. cpd* * *I 1. [li:d] past tense, past participle - led; verb1) (to guide or direct or cause to go in a certain direction: Follow my car and I'll lead you to the motorway; She took the child by the hand and led him across the road; He was leading the horse into the stable; The sound of hammering led us to the garage; You led us to believe that we would be paid!) prowadzić, wieść2) (to go or carry to a particular place or along a particular course: A small path leads through the woods.) prowadzić, wieść3) ((with to) to cause or bring about a certain situation or state of affairs: The heavy rain led to serious floods.) (do)prowadzić (do)4) (to be first (in): An official car led the procession; He is still leading in the competition.) prowadzić5) (to live (a certain kind of life): She leads a pleasant existence on a Greek island.) prowadzić, wieść2. noun1) (the front place or position: He has taken over the lead in the race.) prowadzenie, kierownictwo2) (the state of being first: We have a lead over the rest of the world in this kind of research.) przewaga3) (the act of leading: We all followed his lead.) przykład4) (the amount by which one is ahead of others: He has a lead of twenty metres (over the man in second place).) przewaga5) (a leather strap or chain for leading a dog etc: All dogs must be kept on a lead.) smycz, postronek6) (a piece of information which will help to solve a mystery etc: The police have several leads concerning the identity of the thief.) poszlaka7) (a leading part in a play etc: Who plays the lead in that film?) główna rola•- leader- leadership
- lead on
- lead up the garden path
- lead up to
- lead the way II [led] noun1) (( also adjective) (of) an element, a soft, heavy, bluish-grey metal: lead pipes; Are these pipes made of lead or copper?) ołów2) (the part of a pencil that leaves a mark: The lead of my pencil has broken.) grafit•- leaden -
10 track
[træk] 1. n( road) droga f ( gruntowa); ( path) ścieżka f; (of bullet, planet, for train) tor m; (of suspect, animal) ślad m; (on tape, record) utwór m; (SPORT) bieżnia f2. vtto keep track of ( fig) — śledzić +acc
Phrasal Verbs:* * *[træk] 1. noun1) (a mark left, especially a footprint etc: They followed the lion's tracks.) ślad, trop2) (a path or rough road: a mountain track.) szlak3) ((also racetrack) a course on which runners, cyclists etc race: a running track; ( also adjective) the 100 metres sprint and other track events.) tor, bieżnia4) (a railway line.) tor2. verb(to follow (eg an animal) by the marks, footprints etc that it has left: They tracked the wolf to its lair.) tropić- in one's tracks
- keep/lose track of
- make tracks for
- make tracks
- track down
- tracker dog -
11 pass
[pɑːs] 1. vttime spędzać (spędzić perf); salt, glass etc podawać (podać perf); place, person mijać (minąć perf); car wyprzedzać (wyprzedzić perf); exam zdawać (zdać perf); law uchwalać (uchwalić perf); proposal przyjmować (przyjąć perf); ( fig) limit, mark przekraczać (przekroczyć perf)Phrasal Verbs:- pass by- pass for- pass on- pass out- pass up2. viperson przechodzić (przejść perf); ( in exam etc) zdawać (zdać perf); time mijać (minąć perf); vehicle przejeżdżać (przejechać perf)3. n( permit) przepustka f; ( in mountains) przełęcz f; (SPORT) podanie ntto get a pass in ( SCOL) — otrzymywać (otrzymać perf) zaliczenie z +gen
to make a pass at sb ( inf) — przystawiać się do kogoś (inf)
* * *1. verb1) (to move towards and then beyond (something, by going past, through, by, over etc): I pass the shops on my way to work; The procession passed along the corridor.) przechodzić2) (to move, give etc from one person, state etc to another: They passed the photographs around; The tradition is passed (on/down) from father to son.) przekazywać, podawać3) (to go or be beyond: This passes my understanding.) przechodzić, być ponad4) ((of vehicles etc on a road) to overtake: The sports car passed me at a dangerous bend in the road.) wyprzedzać5) (to spend (time): They passed several weeks in the country.) spędzać6) ((of an official group, government etc) to accept or approve: The government has passed a resolution.) uchwalić7) (to give or announce (a judgement or sentence): The magistrate passed judgement on the prisoner.) wydać wyrok8) (to end or go away: His sickness soon passed.) minąć, przejść9) (to (judge to) be successful in (an examination etc): I passed my driving test.) zdać2. noun1) (a narrow path between mountains: a mountain pass.) przełęcz2) (a ticket or card allowing a person to do something, eg to travel free or to get in to a building: You must show your pass before entering.) przepustka3) (a successful result in an examination, especially when below a distinction, honours etc: There were ten passes and no fails.) zdanie egzaminu, pozytywna ocena4) ((in ball games) a throw, kick, hit etc of the ball from one player to another: The centre-forward made a pass towards the goal.) podanie•- passable- passing
- passer-by
- password
- in passing
- let something pass
- let pass
- pass as/for
- pass away
- pass the buck
- pass by
- pass off
- pass something or someone off as
- pass off as
- pass on
- pass out
- pass over
- pass up -
12 clear
[klɪə(r)] 1. adjreport, argument jasny, klarowny; voice, photograph, commitment wyraźny; majority wyraźny, bezsporny; glass, plastic, water przezroczysty; road, way wolny; conscience, profit, sky czysty2. vtground, suspect oczyszczać (oczyścić perf); building ewakuować (ewakuować perf); weeds usuwać (usunąć perf); fence, wall przeskakiwać (przeskoczyć perf); cheque rozliczać (rozliczyć perf); goods wyprzedawać (wyprzedać perf)to clear the table — sprzątać (sprzątnąć perf) ze stołu
to clear a profit — osiągać (osiągnąć perf) zysk
Phrasal Verbs:- clear up3. vi 4. advto be clear of — nie dotykać +gen
to be in the clear — ( free of suspicion) być wolnym od podejrzeń; ( out of danger) być bezpiecznym
to make it clear to sb that … — uzmysławiać (uzmysłowić perf) komuś, że …
to keep/stay or steer clear of sb/sth — trzymać się z dala or daleka od kogoś/czegoś
* * *[kliə] 1. adjective1) (easy to see through; transparent: clear glass.) przezroczysty2) (free from mist or cloud: Isn't the sky clear!) czysty3) (easy to see, hear or understand: a clear explanation; The details on that photograph are very clear.) wyraźny4) (free from difficulty or obstacles: a clear road ahead.) wolny5) (free from guilt etc: a clear conscience.) czysty6) (free from doubt etc: Are you quite clear about what I mean?) pewny7) ((often with of) without (risk of) being touched, caught etc: Is the ship clear of the rocks? clear of danger.) z dala (od)8) ((often with of) free: clear of debt; clear of all infection.) wolny2. verb1) (to make or become free from obstacles etc: He cleared the table; I cleared my throat; He cleared the path of debris.) oczyszczać (się), uprzątać2) ((often with of) to prove the innocence of; to declare to be innocent: He was cleared of all charges.) oczyszczać (się)3) ((of the sky etc) to become bright, free from cloud etc.) rozjaśniać się4) (to get over or past something without touching it: He cleared the jump easily.) przeskakiwać, omijać•- clearing
- clearly
- clearness
- clear-cut
- clearway
- clear off
- clear out
- clear up
- in the clear -
13 ride
[raɪd] 1. njazda f; ( path) leśna droga f ( po której można przejechać konno)2. vi; pt rode, pp ridden 3. vt; pt rode, pp ridden(horse/car) ride — przejażdżka (konna/samochodem)
to take sb for a ride — zabierać (zabrać perf) kogoś na przejażdżkę ( fig) nabierać (nabrać perf) kogoś
to give sb a ride — podwozić (podwieźć perf) kogoś
Phrasal Verbs:- ride out* * *1. past tense - rode; verb1) (to travel or be carried (in a car, train etc or on a bicycle, horse etc): He rides to work every day on an old bicycle; The horsemen rode past.) jeździć2) (to (be able to) ride on and control (a horse, bicycle etc): Can you ride a bicycle?) jeździć na3) (to take part (in a horse-race etc): He's riding in the first race.) startować4) (to go out regularly on horseback (eg as a hobby): My daughter rides every Saturday morning.) jeździć konno2. noun1) (a journey on horseback, on a bicycle etc: He likes to go for a long ride on a Sunday afternoon.) przejażdżka2) (a usually short period of riding on or in something: Can I have a ride on your bike?) przejażdżka•- rider- riding-school -
14 even
['iːvn] 1. adj 2. adv( showing surprise) nawet; ( introducing a comparison) jeszczeeven though — (po)mimo że, chociaż
3. vtto break even — wychodzić (wyjść perf) na czysto or na zero
Phrasal Verbs:- even out* * *I 1. [i:vən] adjective1) (level; the same in height, amount etc: Are the table-legs even?; an even temperature.) równy2) (smooth: Make the path more even.) gładki3) (regular: He has a strong, even pulse.) regularny4) (divisible by 2 with no remainder: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 etc are even numbers.) parzysty5) (equal (in number, amount etc): The teams have scored one goal each and so they are even now.) równy6) ((of temperament etc) calm: She has a very even temper.) spokojny2. verb1) (to make equal: Smith's goal evened the score.) wyrównywać2) (to make smooth or level.) wygładzać•- evenly- evenness
- be/get even with
- an even chance
- even out
- even up II [i:vən] adverb1) (used to point out something unexpected in what one is saying: `Have you finished yet?' `No, I haven't even started.'; Even the winner got no prize.) nawet2) (yet; still: My boots were dirty, but his were even dirtier.) jeszcze•- even if- even so
- even though -
15 alternate
1. [ɔl'təːnɪt] adj 2. ['ɔltəːneɪt] vito alternate (with) — występować na przemian (z +instr)
* * *1. ['o:ltəneit] verb(to use, do etc by turns, repeatedly, one after the other: John alternates between teaching and studying; He tried to alternate red and yellow tulips along the path as he planted them.) zmieniać kolejno2. [o:l'tə:nət] adjective1) (coming, happening etc in turns, one after the other: The water came in alternate bursts of hot and cold.) występujący na przemian2) (every second (day, week etc): My friend and I take the children to school on alternate days.) co drugi•- alternation -
16 navigate
['nævɪgeɪt] 1. vtriver, path pokonywać (pokonać perf)2. vi* * *['næviɡeit]1) (to direct, guide or move (a ship, aircraft etc) in a particular direction: He navigated the ship through the dangerous rocks.) prowadzić statek/samolot2) (to find or follow one's route when in a ship, aircraft, car etc: If I drive will you navigate?) pilotować•- navigation
- navigator -
17 orbit
['ɔːbɪt] 1. norbita f2. vt* * *['o:bit] 1. noun(the path in which something moves around a planet, star etc, eg the path of the Earth round the Sun or of a spacecraft round the Earth: The spaceship is in orbit round the moon.) orbita2. verb(to go round in space: The spacecraft orbits the Earth every 24 hours.) okrążać -
18 skip
[skɪp] 1. n 2. vi 3. vt( pass over) opuszczać (opuścić perf), pomijać (pominąć perf); ( miss) lunch etc nie jeść +gen; lecture etc nie iść (nie pójść perf) na +accto skip school (esp US) — nie iść (nie pójść perf) do szkoły
* * *[skip] 1. past tense, past participle - skipped; verb1) (to go along with a hop on each foot in turn: The little girl skipped up the path.) skakać, podskakiwać2) (to jump over a rope that is being turned under the feet and over the head (as a children's game).) skakać ze skakanką3) (to miss out (a meal, part of a book etc): I skipped lunch and went shopping instead; Skip chapter two.) opuszczać2. noun(a hop on one foot in skipping.) podskok -
19 circuit
['səːkɪt]n ( ELEC)* * *['sə:kit]1) (a journey or course round something: the earth's circuit round the sun; three circuits of the race-track.) obieg2) (a race-track, running-track etc.) tor3) (the path of an electric current and the parts through which it passes.) obwód4) (a journey or tour made regularly and repeatedly eg by salesmen, sportsmen etc.) trasa• -
20 circulate
['səːkjuleɪt] 1. vi 2. vtreport etc rozprowadzać (rozprowadzić perf)* * *['sə:kjuleit]1) (to (cause to) go round in a fixed path coming back to a starting-point: Blood circulates through the body.) krążyć, puszczać w obieg2) (to (cause to) spread or pass around (news etc): There's a rumour circulating that she is getting married.) rozpowszechniać, krążyć•- circulatory
- 1
- 2
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